The candle filter is a commonly used device for liquid filtration, and its working principle is based on a series of physical and chemical processes aimed at effectively separating solid particles, impurities, and other undesirable components from liquids. Here is a detailed explanation of the working principle of the candle filter.
Firstly, the core component of the candle filter is one or multiple elongated filter elements, typically cylindrical in shape, known as "candlesticks" or "filter elements." These filter elements are often made of various materials such as polypropylene, ceramic, or metal, depending on the application requirements and the nature of the liquid.
During operation, the untreated liquid enters the outer shell of the candle filter and reaches the outer surface of the filter elements. At this stage, due to the micro-pores or channels on the surface of the filter elements, most solid particles and impurities in the liquid are blocked on the outer surface, forming a pre-filter layer. The formation of this layer helps prevent large particles from directly entering the interior of the filter elements, improving filtration efficiency and extending the equipment's lifespan.
As the liquid continues to pass through the pre-filter layer formed on the outer surface of the filter elements, it enters the interior of the filter elements. At this stage, the micro-pores or channels of the candle filter play a more crucial role. The size of these tiny channels can often be adjusted according to specific filtration requirements, ensuring that only liquid molecules can pass through while solid particles and most impurities are intercepted.
Furthermore, the micro-porous structure inside the filter elements forms a precise filtration layer, allowing only liquid molecules to pass through and blocking solid particles and larger molecules. As a result, the liquid becomes purer after passing through the interior of the filter elements, with a significant reduction in the concentration of solid particles.
To maintain the stability and long-term effectiveness of the candle filter, maintenance is typically performed through backwashing or replacing the filter elements. Backwashing involves applying a reverse liquid flow to the filter elements to flush away accumulated particles and impurities, restoring their filtration performance. When the filter elements reach a certain level of usage, periodic replacement is carried out to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the equipment.
In conclusion, the candle filter achieves efficient separation of solid particles and impurities from liquids through a combination of pre-filtration and microfiltration. It is a widely used tool in various industrial sectors due to its flexibility and adjustability.
